This research is motivated by issues that link between Islamic boarding schools and politics, so that pesantren are said to be places for contesting votes from certain political party candidates. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors and impact of Islamic political doctrine on the involvement of AlIttifaqiah pesantren in political activities. The theory used is Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony, the theory of hegemony which is used to explain the position of pesantren and politics, because the interaction of pesantren with politics strongly supports pesantren in an inferior position and hegemony by power politics. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach, the primary data sources in this study are informants from the Al-Ittifaqiah Islamic Boarding School, while the secondary data sources in this study are online news, attachments, pictures and documents. Data collection in this study was carried out through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation techniques. The results of the study indicate that there are three factors that influence Islamic political doctrine on the involvement of Al-Ittifaqiah pesantren in political activities, namely religious doctrine, construction and contextualization of pesantren and economic factors. Islamic political doctrine on the involvement of Al-Ittifaqiah pesantren in political activities, being directly involved as a practitioner, as a supporter of certain politics, and as a political justification. Keywords: Doctrine, Islamic Politics and Islamic Boarding School